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Paragraph: Consider a simple RCRC circuit as shown in Figure 11. Process...

Paragraph:

Consider a simple RCRC circuit as shown in Figure 11.

Process 1: In the circuit the switch SS is closed at t=0t=0 and the capacitor is fully charged to voltage V0V0 (i.e., charging continues for time T>>RCT>>RC ). In the process some dissipation (ED)(ED) occurs across the resistance RR. The amount of energy finally stored in the fully charged capacitor is ECEC.

Process 2: In a different process the voltage is first set to V03V03 and maintained for a charging time T>>RCT>>RC. Then the voltage is raised to 2V032V03 without discharging the capacitor and again maintained for a time T>>RCT>>RC. The process is repeated one more time by raising the voltage to V0V0 and the capacitor is charged to the same final voltage V0V0 as in Process 1.

These two processes are depicted in Figure 2.2.








Question:

In Process 1 , the energy stored in the capacitor ECEC and heat dissipated across resistance EDED are related by:
EC=EDEC=ED
EC=EDln2EC=EDln2
EC=12EDEC=12ED
EC=2EDEC=2ED
Solution:

When switch is closed for a very long time capacitor will get fully charged and charge on capacitor will be q=CVq=CV
Energy stored in capacitor EC=12CV2EC=12CV2      .....(i)
Work done by battery (W)=Vq=VCV=CV2(W)=Vq=VCV=CV2
Dissipated across resistance EDED = (work done by battery) – (energy store)
ED=CV2-12CV2=12CV2ED=CV2−12CV2=12CV2        .....(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
ED= ECED= EC